1.00 Contact Hours (CE) This module is designed to review adult cardiac valvular disease. Congenital and acquired valvular disease is presented. Identification, diagnosis, patient presentation, hemodynamics and treatment modalities are discussed in detail. Objectives At the completion of this topic, the participant will be able to: 1. Discuss the pathophysiology related to aortic stenosis and regurgitation, and mitral stenosis and regurgitation. 2. Discuss medical and surgical treatment modalities of common adult valvular disease. 3. List and discuss the common complications of adult valvular disease.